Dark night strangles the travelling lamp → periphrasis for sun; night symbolizes evil; sun symbolizes light His intimate relationship with Lady Macbeth is shown by the use of phrases such as “my dearest partner of greatness” and “my dearest love”. She challenges Macbeth’s manliness yet again, but Macbeth responds with equal tenacity due to the rage and frustration he is in. Showing the pathetic state of Scotland is a subtle warning to the audience that defying the divine right of kings will result in anarchy and chaos

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Dramatic irony occurs when the reader or viewer knows something that the characters in the story do not. This can create a sense of unease or anticipation as the audience waits to see how the characters will react to the situation they are in. His royalty of nature… be feared → Banquo is the ruler of good virtues, which is why Macbeth fears him (slightly ironical in that sense; good qualities are generally not feared) This scene marks a shift in the relationship between Macbeth and LMB. Both of them are halfway through their evolution, and are knee-deep in emotional turmoil. They “ eat our meal in fear and sleep in the affliction of these terrible dreams that shake [them] nightly”. This shows how insecure they are. Sense of fragmentation in Macbeth’s mind, stemming from his utmost guilt, as he seems almost oblivious to what Lady Macbeth is sayingMacbeth “murdering sleep” in the last scene entailed ramifications that resounded throughout all of Scotland - “Lamentings heard i’th’air, strange screams of death”

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In an example of situational irony, near the end of the novel Osmond believes that Isabel is trying to stop Pansy’s engagement to Lord Warburton because she is jealous, when really she is trying to save Pansy from marrying a man who is using Pansy to get to Isabel.Macbeth’s elevated language seems to be returning to the level of the previous of Acts, shows that he is still inherently the same man. There is tension between the characters of Macbeth and Banquo - Banquo suspects Macbeth’s intentions (“I fear Thou played’st most foully for’t”). Macbeth also asks questions about Banquo’s departure “Ride you this afternoon?”, “Goes Fleance with you?”. He also plots Banquo’s murder in this scene. Part of the irony of this situation is that Osmond accuses Isabel of sabotaging the engagement and she denies it, despite the fact that she has sabotaged it, just for reasons completely counter to what Osmond suspects. The irony comes through in the following passage when Osmond accuses Isabel of “working against” him and she has trouble figuring out how to respond: