a b c d Broughton, P. (1985). "The First Predicted Return of Comet Halley". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 16 (2): 123–132. Bibcode: 1985JHA....16..123B. doi: 10.1177/002182868501600203. S2CID 118670662. Chyba, Christopher F.; Sagan, Carl (1987). "Infrared emission by organic grains in the coma of comet Halley". Nature. 330 (6146): 350–353. Bibcode: 1987Natur.330..350C. doi: 10.1038/330350a0. S2CID 4351413. The approach of the comet was first detected by astronomers David C. Jewitt and G. Edward Danielson on 16 October 1982 using the 5.1m Hale telescope at Mount Palomar and a CCD camera. [120] Slaje, Walter; inter alia, realia: "An Apparition of Halley's Comet in Kashmir observed by Śrīvara in AD 1456" in Steiner, Roland (ed.); Highland Philology: Results of a Text-Related Kashmir Panel at the 31st DOT, Marburg 2010, Studia Indologica Universitatis Halensis, 4, Halle 2012: 33–48 If, as has been suggested, the reference by Yehoshua ben Hananiah in b. Horayot 10a to "a star which arises once in seventy years and misleads the sailors" [68] refers to Halley's Comet, it may be a reference to the 66AD appearance, because this apparition was the only one to occur during Yehoshua ben Hananiah's lifetime. [69]

With the revival of hard scifi space film genre with Gravity, Interstellar and The Martian both critically and financially after the disastrous flop that was Mission to Mars, I think this would be a good time to do another Odyssey film. a b c d Jewitt, David C. (2002). "From Kuiper Belt Object to Cometary Nucleus: The Missing Ultrared Matter". The Astronomical Journal. 123 (2): 1039–1049. Bibcode: 2002AJ....123.1039J. doi: 10.1086/338692. S2CID 122240711. Nik Lomax is an Associate Professor in Data Analytics for Population Research at teh University of Leeds. The 374AD and 607 approaches each came within 0.09 au of Earth. [65] The 451AD apparition was said to herald the defeat of Attila the Hun at the Battle of Chalons. [72] The 684AD apparition was recorded in Europe in one of the sources used by the compiler of the 1493 Nuremberg Chronicles, which contains an image 8 centuries after the event. [73] Chinese records also report it as the "broom star". [74] [26] In 837, Halley's Comet may have passed as close as 0.03au (3.2million miles; 5.1million kilometres) from Earth, by far its closest approach. [75] [65] Its tail may have stretched 60 degrees across the sky. It was recorded by astronomers in China, Japan, Germany, the Byzantine Empire, and the Middle East; [64] Emperor Louis the Pious observed this appearance and devoted himself to prayer and penance, fearing that "by this token a change in the realm and the death of a prince are made known." [76] In 912, Halley is recorded in the Annals of Ulster, which state "A dark and rainy year. A comet appeared." [77] 1066 [ edit ] Halley's Comet in 1066 depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry Halley's Comet seen from London on 6 May 1066 as simulated by Stellarium. The Moon, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are also visible. That said, starting yields could be high enough for investors to stomach any capital losses over the short term.At Yale College in Connecticut, the comet was first reported on 31 August 1835 by astronomers D. Olmstead and E. Loomis. [97] In Canada reports were made from Newfoundland and also Quebec. [97] Reports came in from all over by later 1835, and often reported in newspapers of this time in Canada. [97] Astronomy began changing swiftly around Shakespeare's time, however. Many astronomers of his time believed that Earth was the center of the solar system, but Nicolaus Copernicus— who died about 20 years before Shakespeare's birth — published findings showing that the center was actually the sun. Halley's prediction of the comet's return proved to be correct, although it was not seen until 25 December 1758, by Johann Georg Palitzsch, a German farmer and amateur astronomer. It did not pass through its perihelion until 13 March 1759, the attraction of Jupiter and Saturn having caused a retardation of 618 days. [30] This effect was computed before its return (with a one-month error to 13 April) [31] by a team of three French mathematicians, Alexis Clairaut, Joseph Lalande, and Nicole-Reine Lepaute. [32] The confirmation of the comet's return was the first time anything other than planets had been shown to orbit the Sun. It was also one of the earliest successful tests of Newtonian physics, and a clear demonstration of its explanatory power. [33] The comet was first named in Halley's honour by French astronomer Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille in 1759. [33] This portion of the Bayeux Tapestry shows Halley's Comet during its appearance in 1066. (Image credit: Public domain)

Our results also showed that the different scenarios would have an impact on the ethnic composition of the population. Understanding the ethnic composition of the population is important for ensuring equality of opportunity and in reducing discrimination. The breakdown is also required for effective planning, because different ethnic groups have varying needs for health care and social care, particularly through the provision of informal care and education through language provision. These differences in need for different services were highlighted by a 2017 comprehensive audit of all UK government data, which revealed that disparities aren’t uniform across all domains for all ethnicities. Halley's most famous appearance occurred shortly before the 1066 invasion of England by William the Conqueror. It is said that William believed the comet heralded his success. In any case, the comet was put on the Bayeux Tapestry— which chronicles the invasion — in William's honor.One difficulty was accounting for variations in the comet's orbital period, which was over a year longer between 1531 and 1607 than it was between 1607 and 1682. [91] Newton had theorized that such delays were caused by the gravity of other comets, but Halley found that Jupiter and Saturn would cause the appropriate delays. [91] In the decades that followed, more refined mathematics would be worked on, notable by Paris Observatory; the work on Halley also provided a boost to Newton and Kepler's rules for celestial motions. [89] (See also #Computation of orbit)

Ravené, Gustave (1897). "The Appearance of Halley's Comet in AD141". The Observatory. 20: 203–205. Bibcode: 1897Obs....20..203R. Gurzadyan, Vahe G.; Vardanyan, Ruben (4 August 2004). "Halley's Comet of 87BC on the coins of Armenian king Tigranes?". Astronomy & Geophysics. 45 (4): 4.06. arXiv: physics/0405073. Bibcode: 2004A&G....45d...6G. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.45406.x. S2CID 119357985. There is a group of comets called "Halley family comets" (HFC) because they appear to share the same orbital characteristics of Halley, including being highly inclined to the orbits of Earth and other planets in the solar system. However, this family has a range of inclinations, which prompts other astronomers to suggest they may have a different origin than Halley.

While it will be decades before we can send another spacecraft to Halley's Comet, there have several other missions that have studied comets from up close. Between 2014 and 2016, for example, the Rosetta probe examined Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko up close and made comparisons to other comets. It will be decades until Halley's gets close to Earth again in 2061, but in the meantime, you can see its remnants every year. The Orionid meteor shower, which is spawned by Halley's fragments, occurs annually in October. Halley's also producedsa shower in May, called the Eta Aquarids.