Miller's Anatomy of the Dog, 4e

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Deep pectoral: originates on the ventral sternum and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus. It acts to extend the shoulder joint during weight bearing and flexes the shoulder when there is no weight. It is innervated by the caudal pectoral nerves. Lung, heart, and liver – the lung, heart, and liver are one of the vital organs in a dog’s internal anatomy. You will find four lobes in the right lung and two in the left lung of a dog. The dog heart is placed obliquely at the level between the third rib and to sixth intercostal space. Again, you will find five lobes in the dog’s liver – left lateral, left center, right lateral, right central, and caudate. You will find two ureters in the dog’s urinary system. They (ureter) carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. The length and size of the dog ureter depend on the age and breed. You will find the stronger ureter on the right side than the left. The nasal pharynx of a dog is the respiratory part dorsal to the soft palate. It extends from the choanae of the nasal cavity to the interpharyngeal opening of the pharynx. Latissimus dorsi: originates on thoracolumbar fascia and inserts on the teres major tuberosity of the humerus. Its function is to flex the shoulder joint. It is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve.

Ascending portion – runs obliquely cranially and to the left from the transverse part. It obliquely crosses the uterus, sympathetic trunk, caudal vena cava, aorta, and lumbar lymphatic trunk. Semimembranosus: originates on the ischiatic tuberosity and inserts on the femur and tibia. It acts to extend the hip and stifle. It is innervated by the sciatic nerve. You may know more about the anatomical features of an animal lung from this article. Left lung of a dog

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A similarity in dog anatomy is that all dog breeds have the same amount and type of teeth, even if their bite shape varies. Some dog's teeth clamp together when they close their mouth with their incisors rubbing together. Others have a scissor type bite where the inner edge of the upper incisors rub against the outer edge of the lower incisors. Additionally, there are dogs with proganthism. This is a condition where the lower jaw protrudes out from the upper one. This is very typical of breeds such as the Boxer or French Bulldog. Finally, when the upper incisors protrude past the lower incisors, we refer to enognatism. This is always considered a defect in a dog and is not linked to any particular breed. Like most predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance and teeth for catching, holding, and tearing.

The suspensory ligament of the ovary attaches to the medial and ventral third of the last one or two ribs. Again, the proper ligament of the ovary attaches the uterine end of the ovary to the cranial end of the uterine horn. The size of the dog’s stomach varies from breed to breed. Again, the capacity and weight of the dog’s stomach may also vary within the same breeds. There are two different parts in the ureter of a dog – one is the abdominal, and another is the pelvic part. Do you know where the abdominal part of the ureter starts?How well do dogs and other animals hear". Archived from the original on 28 August 2011 . Retrieved 7 January 2008.

Mesocephaly: mesocephalic dog breeds have a medium sized head with intermediate characteristics between the above two head shapes. They may or may not have a marked stop. Pointers, Beagles, Fox Terriers and similar breeds have skull shapes of this type. Pectineus: originates on the iliopubic eminence and inserts on the caudal femur. It acts to adduct the limb. It is innervated by the obturator nerve.Serratus ventralis: originates on the transverse processes of the last 5 cervical vertebrae and inserts on the scapula. Its function is to support the trunk and depress the scapula. It is innervated by the ventral branches of the cervical spinal nerves. Deep digital flexor: originates on the fibular and inserts on the plantar surface of the distal phalanges. It acts to flex the digits and extend the tarsus. It is innervated by the tibial nerve. Dogs breathe using lungs. They are part of their respiratory system which is also comprised of the larynx (where we find the vocal cords), the trachea, the bronchi and the lungs. Peroneus longus: originates on both the tibia and fibula and inserts on the 4th tarsal bone and the plantar aspect of the metatarsals. It acts to flex the tarsus and rotate the paw medially. It is innervated by the peroneal nerve. It will be better to learn about these organs according to the body systems. Internal dog anatomy organs